How GPA Is Calculated: A Student's Complete Guide
Understand the mechanics behind GPA calculation, the difference between weighted and unweighted scales, and strategies to improve your grades.
Use the GPA Converter
Convert between 4.0, percent and letter grades
The 4.0 Scale Explained
The 4.0 grading scale is the standard system used by most colleges and universities in the United States. Your GPA is calculated as the weighted average of all your course grade points, where the weights are the credit hours assigned to each course. A three-credit course has three times the impact on your GPA as a one-credit course.
Weighted vs Unweighted GPA
An unweighted GPA treats all courses equally and caps the maximum at 4.0, regardless of course difficulty. A weighted GPA, which is used by many high schools, assigns additional grade points for more challenging courses. Advanced Placement (AP) and International Baccalaureate (IB) classes typically receive a 1.0 point boost, so an A in an AP course counts as 5.0 instead of 4.0. Honors courses often receive a 0.5 point boost. This system is designed to reward students who challenge themselves academically. Colleges are familiar with both systems and will consider the rigor of your course load alongside your GPA when evaluating applications.
How to Calculate Your GPA Step by Step
The calculation itself is simple arithmetic. First, convert each course grade to its point value on the 4.0 scale. Then multiply each grade point value by the number of credit hours for that course. Add up all of those products to get your total quality points. Finally, divide the total quality points by the total number of credit hours.
Strategies for Improving Your GPA
If you are looking to raise your GPA, focus your energy strategically.